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In physiology and medicine, the body surface area (BSA) is the measured or calculated surface area of a human body. For many clinical purposes BSA is a better indicator of metabolic mass than body weight because it is less affected by abnormal adipose mass. Nevertheless, there have been several important critiques of the use of BSA in determining the dosage of medications with a narrow therapeutic index, such as chemotherapy. Typically there is a 4–10 fold variation in drug clearance between individuals due to differing the activity of drug elimination processes related to genetic and environmental factors. This can lead to significant overdosing and even more perniciously to underdosing (and increased risk of disease recurrence). It is also thought to be a distorting factor in Phase I and II trials that may result in potentially helpful medications being prematurely rejected. The trend to personalized medicine is one approach to counter this weakness. Estimation of BSA is simpler than many measures of volume. ==Uses== Examples of uses of the BSA: * Renal clearance is usually divided by the BSA to gain an appreciation of the true required glomerular filtration rate (GFR); * The Quetelet index uses a somewhat modified form of the BSA; * The cardiac index is a measure of cardiac output divided by the BSA, giving a better approximation of the required cardiac output; * Chemotherapy is often dosed according to the patient's BSA. * Glucocorticoid dosing is also expressed in terms of BSA for calculating maintenance doses or to compare high dose use with maintenance requirement. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「body surface area」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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